Two bases were established in early 1944 firstly, Base B, at Deception Island, South Shetland Islands, and later the main base, Base A, at Port Lockroy, Wiencke Island. The helicopters and PBMs also flew photo missions along the coasts. Operation Tabarin was the code name for a secret British expedition to the Antarctic during World War Two, operational 1943-46.Conducted by the Admiralty on behalf of the Colonial Office, its primary objective was to strengthen British claims to sovereignty of the British territory of the Falkland Islands Dependencies (FID), to which Argentina and Chile had made counter claims since the . Grumman J2F-6 Duck amphibians with the group performed reconnaissance, supply and, if needed, rescue and medical missions. William Scoresby proceeded through the sea ice and landed a reconnoitering party, but, though urged to follow, the Fitzroy's captain, Keith Pitt, and Captain David Roberts (a representative of the Falkland Islands Company), decided they could not risk the ship. [4], Following the outbreak of World War II, Allied shipping across the globe became vulnerable to attacks by German Navy commerce raiders and U-boats. [Our Real War of the Worlds"]. The resupply of the bases included men, supplies and equipment, together with 25 sledge dogs to extend field work on the mainland of the Antarctic Peninsula. Upon landing it was judged advisable to remove the aircraft tires and only employ the skis. Because of harsh conditions, extreme weather, and a lack of permanent residents on the continent, there are no regular passenger flights to Antarctica. [69], On 7 February, Marr resigned on account of poor health and later returned to the Falklands, with Taylor replacing him as expedition leader. Task Forces went to Antarctica to destroy the remaining bases of the Fourth Reich and capture a new unique armament flying saucers. About ten miles away, the torpedo-boat Maddox burst into flames and began to sink Having personally witnessed this attack by the object that flew out of the sea, all I can say is, it was frightening.[Our Real War of the Worlds"]. In his diary, he describes what he experienced. What is the most likely answer is that the Soviet era report released in the 2006 Russian Documentary was substantially correct. 4.. The incident took place in the winter of 1916, during World War I, when a group of American sailors attempted to seize a Norwegian whaling station in the Antarctic. Two crewmen were killed instantly when they were thrown through the propeller blades. The Central Group and Philippine Sea did not depart Norfolk until January 2, 1947. Then the tractors, jeeps, M29 Weasels, bulldozers and other snow-track vehicles were unloaded. There were very few materials in the archives, so the designers had to make their own drawings to further create in-game models. The third, Brian Roberts, was an ornithologist on the British Graham Land Expedition, who was working with Wordie in the Admiralty Intelligence Department on cold-climate clothing and equipment. Operation HIGHJUMP, officially titled The United States Navy Antarctic Developments Program, 19461947, (also called Task Force 68), was a United States Navy (USN) operation to establish the Antarctic research base Little America IV. Nevertheless, a site for the hut was chosen on Goudier Island and Base A was established, discharging cargo beginning at once. One key aspect of the preparations was the construction of special platforms on the ships for the helicopters and hours upon hours spent practicing takeoffs and landings. The carrier was within 600 miles of Little America IV on January 29, close enough for the six R4Ds to prepare for takeoff. By December 24, the USS Currituck had begun launching aircraft on reconnaissance missions. According to Frank Joseph the USS Maddox was either a torpedo boat, or torpedo-carrying destroyer. He goes on to explain what may have happened to the Maddox mentioned in the Soviet report: A USS Maddox was indeed sunk by enemy action, but five years earlier by a German dive-bomber during the Allied invasion of Sicily. The documents would coincide with Byrds famous Antarctic expedition Operation Highjump, which was abruptly ended six months before it was supposed to. Each PBM carried survival equipment consisting of 100 days worth of rations, skis, sleds, medicine, warm clothes and sleeping bags. M/S Stars and Stripes flag being hoisted over the frozen wastes.Date given on old record is 19/05/1947. IT'S FULL OF GREAT DOCUMENTARIES, FASCINATING INTERVIEWS, AND CLASSIC MOVIES. The most comprehensive and authoritative history site on the Internet. On January 17, 1947 at 0700 hours, Szehwach said: I and my shipmates in the pilothouse port side observed for several minutes the bright lights that ascended about 45 degrees into the sky very quickly We couldnt i.d., the lights, because our radar was limited to 250 miles in a straight line. [44] In addition to the expedition, the Fitzroy carried Tim Hooley, his wife and 14-year old daughter. For years rumors have persisted that on his historic flight to the North Pole, Admiral Byrd flew beyond the Pole into an opening leading inside the Earth. C/U jet-propelled RAD seaplane taking off from the USS Philippine to fly to the base camp. Farrington - senior wireless operator mechanic, Andrew Taylor expedition commander, base leader, surveyor, Thomas Donnachie wireless operator mechanic, This page was last edited on 26 April 2023, at 15:27. Sadly, this was not to be. He arrived in the UK in July 1943 and joined the expedition committee. According to Byrd, his expeditions had resulted in the discovery of massive quantities of gold. The meteorological observations made aided Allied shipping in the South Atlantic Ocean. Artwork, Jim Nichols. Youwere trapped in an aircraft for five hours, in zones where the weather changed minute by minute.. The PBM flight crews were all inexperienced volunteers, having only had a month to train for the mission. If Joseph is correct, then it is very possible that a USS Maddox was destroyed during Operation Highjump, and the US Navy changed official records to hide this. The line suddenly snaps and he falls into sea. As winter approached the weather deterioratedonly five days were favorable for flying in February. It appears the UFOs were not intent on destroying Task Force 68, but forcing it to turn back. Admiral Byrd took four ships to Antarctica: the flagship USS Bear, the USS Snow Cruiser, the armed escort USS Wyatt Earp, and the supply ship USS Edisto. If the fortress was in Antarctica, was it built by the Nazis, or discovered there? The R4D slowly began to gain altitude and in the tradition of the tough Douglas aircraft arrived back at Little America IV and made a safe landing. The 1946-1947 U.S. military expedition to explore and map Antarctica, led by Admiral Richard E. Byrd, is presented from its planning stages through its successful completion. During its return flight the rotor blades became so coated with ice that the helicopter crashed several feet short of the ships landing pad. [18][19] Final instructions were issued in November 1943, clarifying the physical and political objectives, importance of the issuing of stamps, appointment of magistrates and other acts of sovereignty. The fantastic speed with which the world is shrinking recalled the admiral is one of the most important lessons learned during his recent Antarctic exploration. EXPLORE OUR ONLINE CHANNEL, BRITISH PATH TV. History is a guide to navigation in perilous times. In 1946/1947 the US Government launched Operation: High Jump. Our hope is that now we have the entire material to make a detailed map of all of Antarctica, said Byrd. [81], Port Lockroy made the first measurements of the ionosphere and the first recording of an atmospheric whistler (electronic waves). Getting the big Douglas birds to Antarctica presented a formidable challenge as, lacking the range to fly from a land base, they had to be launched from Philippine Sea. Several were well known to them through the Discovery Investigations, including the chief steward Thomas Berry, ship's carpenter Lewis Ashton, senior wireless operator James Farrington, handymen John Matheson and Gwion Davies. The surviving six crew members were rescued 13days later, including aviation radioman James H. Robbins and co-pilot William Kearns. [53] Three extensions to the hut were added between February and April, using materials brought from Deception Island or found nearby, and also a Nissen hut for storage. Upon reaching the Ross Ice Shelf, the Central Group ships would disgorge the small aircraft, ice vehicles, supplies, tents and sled dogs. [39] Forced to abandon the Bransfield, the expedition was trans-shipped to the troop ship SSHighland Monarch at Avonmouth on 8 December. The celebrations surrounding the end of World War II had barely ended when the Cold War commenced between the Western Allies and their Soviet former partner. Acheson, Colonial Office Under-Secretary, with members from the Colonial Office, Foreign Office, Admiralty, Treasury, Crown Agents, Ministry of War Transport and Discovery Investigations. Pinguin seized a haul of 20,320tons of whale oil, one of the largest prizes seized by a commerce raider during the war. When a lake was discovered in a large ice-free patch of land, a PBM landed to scoop up water samples. [15][18][23] Mackintosh prepared a detailed scientific programme for the shore parties. Lieutenant Jim Cornish had the honor of flying the first helicopter in and out of Little America IV. Admiral Byrd was an American explorer who led many expeditions to Antarctica. [82], Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}6449S 6331W / 64.817S 63.517W / -64.817; -63.517. Most were serving in the armed forces or the merchant navy, but some were still in civilian roles. The early Haunebu was 25 meters in diameter, held a team of 8 people, could reach a speed of 4,800 km/h, and its operation time was 18 hours. Besides conducting reconnaissance, each was large enough to undertake rescue operations. Although theyve discovered some interesting facts, theyve come up empty-handed when it comes to what Byrd had written in his diary. The US Navy has long been notorious for falsifying the identity of its ships and re-writing their histories if they embarrass official policy. The following day the attempt was reluctantly abandoned and the decision made to proceed south-west along the coast of the Antarctic Peninsula in search of an alternative mainland site. A secondary objective was to increase knowledge of hydrographic, geographic, meteorological, geological and electromagnetic conditions of the area. [42] She had very limited cargo capacity but the Falkland Islands Company vessel SS Fitzroy had also been assigned to the expedition to transport cargo and most of the personnel. After the defeat of Nazi Germany, according various sources, elite Nazi scientists and leaders escaped to this impregnable fortress by Uboats, two of which experienced difficulties and surrendered in Argentina. During his flight to the North Pole, Admiral Byrd is said to have flown past the Pole and into an opening leading to the Earth. [26] The Forces mail address Naval Party 475 was allocated for the bases to be established, and Naval Party 470 for the expedition ship. Though plausible, this is highly unlikely given that the US and USSR were still allies at the time of Operation Highjump, and had a common interest in finding and destroying any hidden Nazi base(s) in the South Atlantic. So too, the Maddox cited by Soviet espionage was similarly consigned to an official memory hole. A landing was made and a Union flag nailed to a disused whaling hut. Among other losses, a PBM had been blown overboard off Currituck in a massive ocean storm prior to reaching the objective and disappeared in the high waves. That is fact. [34][35], By late October all the necessary equipment and stores were packed and assembled at the Royal Albert Docks, Tilbury. Jim Trautman is the author of Pan American Clippers: The Golden Age of Flying Boats and is currently working on a book about airship history, due next year from Firefly Books. Chile organized its First Chilean Antarctic Expedition in 19471948. [6] In January 1941, the German cruiser Pinguin attacked the unarmed and unescorted Norwegian whaling fleet. Based on those documents, we decided to design our own flying saucer with some balance changes. Nazi Uboats reaching Antarctica with accompanying UFOs. [41] Waiting for them, to replace Bransfield, was HMS William Scoresby. Soon the process began to shut down the operation and leave before the full force of winter set in. He was best known for his Antarctica expeditions, which were most likely aided by airplanes and other technical resources. The task force, which included 4,700 men, 13 ships, and several aircraft, was massive. Byrd discussed the lessons learned from the operation in an interview with Lee van Atta of International News Service held aboard the expedition's command ship, the USS Mount Olympus. L/S. A month later Primero de Mayo returned and duly replaced the Union Jack with the Argentinian flag. In December 2004, an attempt was made to locate the remains of the plane. The War also threatened to reignite the longstanding Falkland Islands sovereignty dispute with neutral Argentina. [18], The expedition code name 'Tabarin' was acknowledged in October when departments within the Admiralty were informed,[24] though it is likely to have been in use earlier. There is a major problem with Sayersons quote. According to Hollow Earth theorists, Byrd met the ancient race beneath the surface of the South Pole. His experience included participation in Shackleton's last expedition 1921-22, as an 18-year old; the British, Australian and New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition (BANZARE) 1929-30; and as a scientist on the Discovery Investigations 19281929, 19311933, 19351937. Two helicopters would be lost during Operation Highjump. I have to warn my compatriots that the time has ended when we were able to take refuge in our isolation and rely on the certainty that the distances, the oceans, and the poles were a guarantee of safety. The admiral explained that he was not trying to scare anyone, but the cruel reality is that in case of a new war, the United States could be attacked by planes flying over one or both poles. These were to dispatch the armed merchant cruiser HMSCarnarvon Castle to the Dependencies to make landings, carry out administrative activities and remove marks of Argentine claims, and, crucially, to establish permanently occupied bases at strategic locations. [61][62], Both bases made meteorological observations, transmitted twice a day to the meteorological station in Stanley, and sea ice observations during the winter. A base hut was built on Coronation Island, South Orkney Islands (Base C) but not occupied. On 29 December, the sledging party returned to Base D, having visited Vortex Island, Duse Bay, James Ross Island and numerous small islands in its vicinity. In 1947, the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia launched an invasion of Antarctica known as "Operation Highjump." According to his diaries, he traveled to Antarctica and the North Pole in 1947 but there is no evidence to support this. The project was referred to as the Hauneburg Device, and later, for security, its name was shortened to Haunebu. Problems arose almost immediately and she had to put in to Portsmouth for repairs. Besides photo equipment, each aircraft carried various instruments to search for mineral deposits and other geological features. This film is based on the events of Operation Highjump, which occurred in 1947. The Soviets eyed the Operation Highjump announcement warily. Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japans nuclear attacks, are no more. Facing the prospect of an emergency landing and difficult rescue, Byrd ordered any item that was not bolted down thrown out of the aircraft, save for the photographic material. Admiral Byrds statements were published in the Chilean Press but never publicly confirmed by US authorities. [Our Real War of the Worlds"]. The HO3S-1 was lost but Dufek and the pilot were saved before freezing to death in the frigid water. [18] At the time of his recall, Marr was serving as a lieutenant in the Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve in the Far East. The press was not able to hear what he had to say about Operation Highjump in the future. The expedition failed, but 71 years later, players have a chance for a rematch: in the mode, a team of 12 ships will face 12 flying saucers. Written by Dr Michael Salla on October 25, 2012. [22], It was agreed that scientific research and mapping should be undertaken by the expedition and three scientists with significant Antarctic experience were involved. The North Pole is thought to have been reached in 1961, but this has been disputed. Argentina and Chile signed the Argentine-Chilean Agreement on Joint Defence of "Antarctic Rights", a defence agreement that envisioned potential military action over disputed Antarctic lands. The men successfully made the treka feat in itselfand were brought back to Pine Island by the rescue aircraft. In a combined effort not long after World War II, the U.S. Navy employed ships, airplanes and helicopters to explore and map Antarcticas frozen reaches. Charles W. Thomas, USCG, Commanding, Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature Film, "Scientific Diving Under Ice: A 40-Year Bipolar Research Tool", "Operation Highjump: The Great Antarctic Expedition", "Operation Highjump: A Philatelic Introduction", "Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature", "Declassified Records on Operation Highjump", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Operation_Highjump&oldid=1152719615, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the United States Coast Guard, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. Consolidating and extending the United States' sovereignty over the largest practicable area of the. [36] As the Bransfield was too small to carry the whole load, some of the cargo, including the prefabricated hut, had already been shipped aboard SS Groix and Ragnhidsholm, and now more stores and two expedition members were allocated to SS Marquesa. [37] Bransfield herself, with the rest of the expedition, was scheduled to sail on 6 November, but was delayed when leaking fresh water tanks had to be replaced. Our aim is the revive and preserve naval history! Were the UFOs protecting the retreating Nazis and/or their own presence in Antarctica? Researchers speculate about what really happened and why Robert Frost was silenced for decades. [56] From there the vessels sailed to Grytviken, South Georgia, where the Hooley family disembarked, before returning to the Falkland Islands, taking official mail. [5] Paul Siple was the senior U.S. War Department representative on the expedition. The story of the daring secret expedition led by American merchant navy chief admiral golddrett to Antarctica. GAUMONT BRITISH NEWSREEL (REUTERS)To license this film, visit https://www.britishpathe.com/video/VLVA5GE9KEPJY95BH9DNPZSV571QQ-ANTARCTIC-EXPLORATIONA naval c. Was the Stalin era report disinformation deliberately fed to Soviet authorities by US intelligence? The interview appeared in the Wednesday, March 5, 1947, edition of the Chilean newspaper El Mercurio and read in part as follows: Admiral Richard E. Byrd warned today that the United States should adopt measures of protection against the possibility of an invasion of the country by hostile planes coming from the polar regions. As such, the United States sought to establish a presence in Antarctica and explore the frigid continent using naval and air assets. The . newsletter for the best of the past, delivered every Monday and Thursday. Pentagon plans for Alien invasion exist according to military professor Permission is granted to include extracts of this article on websites and email lists with a link to the original. On January 1, 1947, Lieutenant Commander Thompson and Chief Petty Officer John Marion Dickison [4] utilized "Jack Browne" masks and DESCO oxygen rebreathers to log the first dive by Americans under the Antarctic. A full programme of science and mapping was undertaken. The United States refused to recognise any foreign territorial claims to Antarctica, initiating Operation Highjump. Follow for the best reads from the historians behind World of Warships the free-to-play naval warfare game. [63] During the winter the nine men practised skiing, prepared equipment for planned field trips and Taylor carried out local mapping work. [70] On 23 February, a hut was built on Coronation Island to reinforce British claims to the area. Instead it became involved in what is known as an ice blink, with streams of snow reflecting the sunshine and making it difficult to seesimilar to the reflections experienced while driving a car at night through a snowstorm. Its no secret that Richard Byrds exploration of the Antarctic continent in the 1930s is legendary. The Mariner had to be lifted back onto the ship for repairs. [55] The William Scoresby and Fitzroy left the new base on 17 February for Base B, Deception Island, before visiting Signy Island, arriving on 20th. According to people who knew him, he never fully recovered from the time alone on ice in 1934. Operation HIGHJUMP commenced 26 August 1946 and ended in late February 1947. Copyright 2012. In order to get airborne, each R4D was outfitted with four JATO (jet-assisted takeoff) bottles. As the weather closed in the next day, the remaining four R4Ds followed and reached the base with only an hour to spare before conditions deteriorated. Training personnel and testing equipment in frigid conditions while also making weapons and snow vehicles. After heavy fighting and losses, the Allies were finally able to push the Axis back and gain a foothold in the continent. Further Reading Battleship - is an extraterrestrial invasion possible? Base B occupied one of the buildings. Previously classified files on the mysterious Byrd led naval expedition to Antarctica were released by the KGB following the Soviet Unions collapse in 1991. The majority of flights are used to transport researchers and to provide their bases. The PBMs and R4Ds would play a major role in the objectives. A second, unstated objective was to prove Navy capabilities to President Harry Truman, who sought reductions in Americas postwar military budget. An extraordinary 2006 Russian documentary was recently translated into English revealing new information about a US Navy Antarctica expedition in 1946/47. In late 1947, during the height of World War II, James Forrestal, Secretary of the Navy, dispatched a naval task force to Antarctica. The Hauneburg testing ground in Northwest Germany was well suited for this. L/S as he is picked up by a boat. An alternative explanation is that the 1947 Soviet report contained U.S. orchestrated disinformation that was being conveyed to Soviet authorities by a Soviet mole known by the US intelligence community. The ships stationed in the Pacific left San Diego, Calif., the same day. US Navy operation to establish an Antarctic research base, Diving Under Antarctic Ice: A History Peter Brueggeman, United States Antarctic Service Expedition, Capt. During the American Revolution, a group of explorers led by Adm. Richard E. Byrd went to the facility known as the great unknown. During his expedition, which was the first to reach Antarctica, he penetrated 2,300 miles beyond the South Pole. [73], James Marr at Base A, Port Lockroy, 5 Nov 1944, Base A, Port Lockroy, Goudier Islet, Wiencke Island, 6 Jan 1945. Follow for the best reads from the historians behind World of Warships the free-to-play naval warfare game. Over the next several weeks, according to the Soviet report, the UFOs flew close over the US naval flotilla which fired on the UFOs which did retaliate with deadly effects. Richard E. Byrd and the 1925 MacMillan Arctic Expedition, Richard E. Byrd and Floyd Bennett: First to Fly over the North Pole, Pan American Clippers: The Golden Age of Flying Boats, https://www.historynet.com/operation-highjump-1946-47-expedition-to-explore-antarctica-from-the-air/, Jerrie Mock: Record-Breaking American Female Pilot, This A-List Actor Used His Celebrity to Promote Aviation. [17] During the planning stage the priority for the location of the second base was changed to Hope Bay, since it was on the mainland, with an option to erect a hut on Signy Island if resources allowed. Before Byrd heard about it, agartha had penetrated over 2,300 miles beyond the South Pole. Many authors propose that the Operation Highjump when Admiral Byrd had at his disposal the largest armada ever sent to Antarcticawas established to investigate a Nazi presence. Our aim is the revive and preserve naval history! Develop techniques for establishing and maintaining air bases in Antarctic. Witnesses said that the Thule Society left Germany in March 1945 using flying saucers. HistoryNet.com is brought to you by HistoryNet LLC, the worlds largest publisher of history magazines. [16] It features Chief of Naval Operations Fleet Admiral Chester W. Nimitz in a scene where he is discussing Operation HIGHJUMP with admirals Byrd and Cruzen. According to a statement by Grand Admiral Donitz in 1943, the German submarine fleet is proud of having built for the Fhrer, in another part of the world, a Shangri-La land, an impregnable fortress." After further inspection by a surveyor, she was considered suitable,[30] brought to Tilbury, London for a refit and requisitioned by the Admiralty under the name HMS Bransfield. The carrier was the last to arrive due to the construction of the base and airfield. We returned to the great door after 1945, and we walked back through it afterwards. She continued on 25 November but proved unseaworthy during a gale on the voyage west. On 11 February, those serving in the military boarded HMSAjax(22), and the rest sailed home on Highland Monarch. In the circumstances of war and time constraints it was difficult to find a ship built to navigate through sea ice and with sufficient cargo capacity. I offered to take care of your recent war as a precursor. In 1940 Chile proclaimed the Chilean Antarctic Territory in areas already claimed by Britain, while Argentina proclaimed Argentine Antarctica in 1943 in an overlapping area. George 1 was lowered over the side of Pine Island and almost immediately one of the launch boats crashed into a wing and damaged a pontoon. Task Force 68 included 4,700 men, 13 ships, and 33 aircraft. She was taking a relief garrison to the Falkland Islands and sailed on 14 December,[40] calling at Gibraltar and Montevideo before reaching Port Stanley on 26 January. This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Coast Guard. Categories Community content is available under CC-BY-SA unless otherwise noted. This time, we will take a look at the. Clifford M. Campbell, USN, Commanding, On December 30, 1946, aviation radiomen Wendell K. Henderson, Fredrick W. Williams, and Ensign Maxwell A. Lopez were killed when their Martin PBM Mariner George 1 crashed during a blizzard. FIDS had been established in July 1945, following the end of the War in Europe, to put the work started by Operation Tabarin on a permanent footing. [3], The expedition was relieved in March 1946 by members of the newly formed Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS). Base D, Hope Bay, Trinity Peninsula, was established as the centre for the expeditions second year. Was this Alfred Hitchcock actor really Orville Wrights godson? A rumor has it that the US government dispatched its troops to the South Pole to look for evidence of the German Base 211. Finally a search plane spotted burned wreckage and men on the ground. One of their naval journals stated, U.S. After the Kull warriors secured the base, Anubis sent a hologram of himself there to make them feel uneasy. Stores, equipment and crew members destined for the erection of an unmanned Base E on Stonington Island moved into Eagle, others boarded William Scoresby and Fitzroy in order to build Station D on Hope Bay. Their signal, painted on the wrecked Mariners wing, indicated that three of the crewmen were dead. In 1947, Admiral Richard E. Byrd led 4,000 military troops from the U.S., Britain and Australia in an invasion of Antarctica called "Operation Highjump", and at least one follow-up expedition. On one of Byrds flights magnetic instrument pods detected a massive coal deposit. [2][10], After the operation ended, a follow-up Operation Windmill returned to the area in order to provide ground-truthing to the aerial photography of HIGHJUMP from 1947 to 1948. Northwind left Norfolk, Va., on December 2, headed to Antarctica via the Panama Canal. L/S Captain George Dufek being transferred from one ship to another by breeches buoy. He flew to Iceland to inspect a Norwegian sealer Veslekari, built in 1918, that had been used on Arctic expeditions in the past. [51] Signs of Argentine territorial claims left by Primero de Mayo were removed. The expedition was commanded by Commander Gerald L. Ketchum, USN, and the flagship of Task Force 39 was the USS Burton Island.
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